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The TMJ is the joint on either side of the face that connects the jaw to the skull. Three main causes of TMJ pain are Myofascial Pain Syndrome, Internal Derangement and Degenerative Joint Disease.
Facet Syndrome is commonly associated with traumatic hyperextension type injuries, faulty posture and degenerative changes to the lumbar spine. These types of causes, all produce inflammation to the vertebral joint capsule, leading to acute neck pain.
Dizziness or Vertigo is described as the feeling where the room is spinning around you and feeling like you are about to fall. The two most common causes are BPPV and Cervicogenic Vertigo.
Arthritis literally means inflammation of one or more joints. Arthritis is frequently accompanied by joint pain and is commonly a source of neck pain. Neck pain and stiffness may develop from ‘wear and tear’ to the spinal joints and discs.
A headache is pain in any region of the head or neck. It is a rather non-specific symptom and can be the result of a large number of conditions. The 4 main types of headaches are tension headaches, cluster headaches, cervicogenic headaches and migraines.
The bones (vertebrae) that form the spine in your back/neck are cushioned by small, spongy discs. When these discs are healthy, they act as shock absorbers for the spine and keep the spine flexible.
A Burner or Stinger is an injury to the brachial plexus group of nerves, which exit the spine at the lower vertebrae of the neck. The injury is commonly caused by tackles and falls in contact sports, or a direct blow between the shoulder and neck.
Cervical Radiculopathy involves the nerves of the spinal cord and their exit through the bones in the cervical spine. It commonly presents with shooting pain or pins and needles from the neck down either one or both arms, with or without neck pain.
Torticollis describes a spasming of muscles around the head and neck, severely limiting neck movement. The exact cause is unknown, although patients commonly present after having their head in an unusual position for an extended period of time.
Whiplash is an injury to the neck that is caused by rapid acceleration/deceleration in the neck. It most commonly occurs in sports or motor vehicle accidents, where the head is either thrust violently forwards or backwards upon impact.