What it is
Elbow arthroscopy utilises small incisions and a camera to treat painful mechanical issues within the joint. Common reasons include bony spurs that block motion, loose bodies that catch on the joint, and inflamed tissue that causes impingement. The goal is to alleviate pain and enhance the range of motion.
Rehabilitation restores motion and strength while protecting healing tissues.
What happens when it occurs
A camera and small instruments are used to remove loose bodies, smooth spurs, and debride inflamed tissue. Early motion prevents stiffness. Strength and function are built in stages.
Common causes and risk factors
- Post-traumatic stiffness and spurs
- Osteoarthritis or osteochondral lesions
- Recurrent impingement with overhead or lockout tasks
Who is most affected
Adults with a mechanical block or persistent catching that has not improved with care.
Typical symptoms before surgery
- Catching or locking
- Loss of extension or rotation
- Pain with end range or load
When to seek care
When mechanical symptoms persist and limit function after a thorough conservative programme.
How we diagnose
History, examination of range and block, and imaging with X-rays and often CT or MRI to define targets for surgery.
Management
- Early range within tolerance
- Swelling control and wound care
- Progressive strength for triceps, biceps, forearms, and shoulders
- Task coaching and graded return to work and sport
Rehabilitation milestones
Phase 1 weeks 0 to 2: pain and swelling control, assisted and active range, hand and shoulder activity.
Phase 2 weeks 2 to 6: progressive strength, grip endurance, task practice.
Phase 3 weeks 6 to 12: overhead tolerance, carrying, return to sport skills.
Further timelines vary depending on the findings and procedures performed.
Readiness to progress
- Wound healed and swelling controlled
- Range improving without block
- Strength and endurance targets met for tasks
Long-term care
- Maintain mobility habits for extension and rotation
- Keep strength for daily tasks and sports
- Plan workloads during busy weeks
Australia snapshot
- Common day surgery in metropolitan centres
- Used after conservative care for mechanical symptoms
- Most return to work within weeks with a staged plan
Latest insights
Early motion prevents stiffness. Strength and task practice make gains last.
Mechanical problems respond well to rehabilitation plans that are clear and consistent.


